Page 296 - English Grammar in Use

Unit
142 Phrasal verbs 6 up/down

A Compare up and down:
put something up (on a wall etc.) take something down (from a wall etc.)
I put a picture up on I didn’t like the picture, so I took
the wall. it down.
pick something up put something down
There was a letter on the floor. I stopped writing and put down
I picked it up and looked at it. my pen.
stand up sit down / bend down / lie down
Alan stood up and walked out. I bent down to tie my shoelace.
turn something up turn something down
I can’t hear the TV. Can you The oven is too hot. Turn it down
turn it up a bit? to 150 degrees.

B knock down, cut down etc.
knock down a building / blow something down / cut something down etc.
Some old houses were knocked down to make way for the new shopping centre.
Why did you cut down the tree in your garden?
be knocked down (by a car etc.)
A man was knocked down by a car and taken to hospital.
burn down = be destroyed by fire
They were able to put out the fire before the house burnt down.

C down = getting less
slow down = go more slowly
You’re driving too fast. Slow down.

calm (somebody) down = become calmer, make somebody calmer
Calm down. There’s no point in getting angry.

cut down (on something) = eat, drink or do something less often
I’m trying to cut down on coffee. I drink too much of it.

D Other verbs + down
break down = stop working (for machines, cars, relationships etc.)
The car broke down and I had to phone for help.
Their marriage broke down after only a few months.
close down / shut down = stop doing business
There used to be a shop at the end of the street. It closed down a few years ago.
let somebody down = disappoint them because you didn’t do what they hoped
You can always rely on Paul. He’ll never let you down.

turn somebody/something down = refuse an application, an offer etc.
I applied for several jobs, but I was turned down for all of them.
Rachel was offered the job, but she decided to turn it down.

write something down = write something on paper because you may need the information later
I can’t remember Ben’s address. I wrote it down, but I can’t find it.

284 Phrasal verbs 1 (Introduction) ➜ Unit 137 More verbs + up ➜ Units 143–144