Page 98 - English Grammar in Use

Unit
43 Passive 2 (be done / been done / being done)

A Infinitive
active: (to) do/clean/see etc. Somebody will clean this room later.

passive: (to) be + done/cleaned/seen etc. This room will be cleaned later.
The situation is serious. Something must be done before it’s too late.
A mystery is something that can’t be explained.
The music was very loud and could be heard from a long way away.
A new supermarket is going to be built next year.
Please go away. I want to be left alone.

B Perfect infinitive
active: (to) have + done/cleaned/seen etc. Somebody should have cleaned the room .

passive: (to) have been + done/cleaned/seen etc. The room should have been cleaned.
I haven’t received the letter yet. It might have been sent to the wrong address.
If you had locked the car, it wouldn’t have been stolen.
There were some problems at first, but they seem to have been solved.

C
Present perfect
active: have/has + done etc. The room looks nice. Somebody has cleaned it .

passive: have/has been + done etc. The room looks nice. It has been cleaned.
Have you heard? The trip has been cancelled.
Have you ever been bitten by a dog?
‘Are you going to the party?’ ‘No, I haven’t been invited.’

Past perfect
active: had + done etc. The room looked nice. Somebody had cleaned it .

passive: had been + done etc. The room looked nice. It had been cleaned.
The vegetables didn’t taste good. They had been cooked too long.
The car was three years old, but hadn’t been used very much.

D Present continuous
active: am/is/are + (do)ing Somebody is cleaning the room at the moment.

passive: am/is/are + being (done) The room is being cleaned at the moment.
There’s somebody walking behind us. I think we are being followed.
A new bridge is being built across the river. It will be finished next year.

Past continuous
active: was/were + (do)ing Somebody was cleaning the room when I arrived.
passive: was/were + being (done) The room was being cleaned when I arrived.

There was somebody walking behind us. I think we were being followed.

86 Passive 1, 3 ➜ Units 42, 44