Page 248 - Oxford_English_Grammar_Course_Basic_2015
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SECTION 17 conjunctions
grammar summary
a a
after although and as soon as because before but so until when while
e
because
soon
although
soon
as
e
t
r
as
f
f
as
t
r
nor
Section
Section
o
b b o t t h ... and either ... or neither ... nor (Fo r see Section 18.)
h
or
both ... and either... or neither... nor (Fo r if, see Section 18.)
... and
see
... and
these
use
a
a
(If (If n e c e s s a r y , use a dictionary check the these conjunctions.)
(If necessary, use a dictionary to check the meanings of these conjunctions.)
check
We use conjunctions to join sentences together.
We use sentences t o g e t h e r .
sentences
We
y
Emma
Emma
because
y
because
e
was
a
e
was
m
m
to
n
n
to
G
G
a
the
after
concert
concert
after
went
went
the
1 went to Germany because Emma was there. We went home after the concert finished.
1 1 went to G e r r r m a n y because Emma was t h e r e . went home after the concert finished.
home
home
went
phoned
phoned
as
the
1 phoned
as
as
as
the
as
as
soon
soon
the
soon
1
got
1
1 phoned as soon as 1 got the news.
1
got
news.
got
s
s
some conjunctions (and the words that follow them) can go in two places.
that
o
o
w
w
d
d
r
r
1
1 cleaned my room before 1 went out. l went out, l cleaned my room.
1
before
before
went
went
1
cleaned
cleaned
went
room
cleaned
my
l
l
went
my
cleaned my room before 1 went out. Before l went out, l cleaned my room.
my
cleaned
room
my
about
We
present
to
We
use
talk
talk
tenses
tenses
We use present tenses to talk about the future with time-conjunctions.
use
use
somebody
somebody
until
somebody
until
wait
comes.
wait
here
here
until
Let's
here
arrive.
' 1 1
arrive.
'
arrive.
11
'
111 phone you when 1 arrive. Let's wait here until somebody comes.
1
1
1
phone
you
you
11
you
phone
when
phone
when
when
soon
the
She'll pay youas soon as she hasthe money.
as
pay
soon
e
pay
as
h
as
S S h e ' ' l l l l pay you as soon as s h e h a s the money .
We
We can s h o r r t t e r expressions or We don't
h
We
o
expressions
expressions
s
We can use and to join sentences, shorter expressions or single words. We don't need to
e
r
repeat unnecessary words with and.
unnecessary
unnecessary
words
friends
friends
friends
went
went
and
and
and
Australia.
(in)
(in)
(in)
1 went downstairs and (I) opened the door. I've got friends in Canada and (in) Australia.
in
went
in
Canada
1 1
Canada
in
Canada
and
the
the
(I)
opened
and
(I)
(I)
opened
opened
and
the
downstairs
downstairs
.
downstairs
door
got
got
and
have
have
1
(a)
and
1
a
a
Could 1 have a knife and (a) fork?
(a)
knife
Could 1 have a knife and (a) fork?
knife
Could
We stayed in because it was raining.
she got married,
she
After she got
she
she changed her job.
she changed
Ann phoned when you were out.
I I I won't be happy until I I I leave school.
won't
leave
CONJUNCTIONS 233
