Page 268 - Oxford_English_Grammar_Course_Basic_2015
P. 268
SECTION 19 relative pronouns
grammar summary
who
who (whom)
who (whom) which that w h a t
use
We use relative
use
We use relative pronouns to join sentences to nouns.
We
!
the
the
prize
prize
was
man
was
man
was
elsh.(
was
W
W
the
won
wo
elsh.(
man
The man was Welsh.(!wo! the prize. The man W1 O won the prize was Welsh.
The
The man was W elsh.( ! wo ! the prize. man W1 won the prize was W elsh.
r
r
o
We
We use who for people and which for things. We can also use that for people and things.
We
for
for
o
use
for
people
for
people
f
f
also
also
can
things.
We
use
We
my
word
the
There's
There's the man who/that sold me my bike. she said a word which/that 1 didn't hear .
a
a
who/that
which/that
which/that
who/that
the
word
said
sold
didn't
didn't
sold
me
me
1
1
There's the man who/that sold me my bike. she said a word which/that 1 didn't hear.
my
man
man
bike.
bike.
often
We
s
We
s
pronouns.
e
e
u
u
b
b
j
j
c
t
We often leave out object pronouns, but not subject pronouns.
t
c
photos
em
l
photos
m
m
(which/that)
(which/that)
e
showed
showed
b
b
e
those
l
em
those
Do you r e m em b e r r r those photos (which/that) l showed you?
r
r
Do
you
you
Do you remember those photos (which/that) l showed you?
e
e
photos
are
show
(NOT
beach
beach
show
photos
show
The photos which/that show the beach are beautiful. (NOT The photos show the beach ...)
The photos which/that show the beach are beautiful. (NOT The photos show the beach ...)
photos
beach
photos
show
the
are
the
the
The
beach
The
The
which/that
the
which/that
Prepositions can often go in two places.
about
woman
woman
The woman about whom we were talking walked into the room. (formal)
about
e
e
The
w
whom
whom
the
we
walked
the
we
e
e
walked
talking
The woman about whom we w e r r r e talking walked into the room.
w
talking
into
into
walked
The woman that we w e r e talking about walked into the room.
r
walked
talking
talking
e
r
The
e
we
we
woman
into
woman
the
that
that
about
the
about
into
w
e
w
e
The woman that we were talking about walked into the room. (conversational)
We
We
We can use what to mean 'the thing(s) which'.
can
cook.
1
1
1
The children always eat what 1 cook.
children
The
The
eat
eat
always
always
eat
always
what
what
what
children
children
artist O-w 1'a:trst; NAmE'a:rt-J noun a i ! t
oun
oun
(p1.
1 o-* a person who creates works of an, especially p bus oun(p1. buses, us also busses) 10-„
a1
gtravel
gtravel
s
s
,
r
k
f
p
w
k
w
o
r
f
y
y
o
o
artist
p
o
o
o
w
w
k
k
o
w
r
o
r
lice
lice
ce
ce
ce
o
r
lice
lice
lice
k
r
k
o
w
r
o
k
o
w
w
k
o
k
rce
k
r
w
r
o
y
e
k
b
k
e
k
k
e
e
e
k
k
k
e
b
e
e
b
b
e
ings or drawings: an exhibition a r t i s t ma a r t i s t ma a r t i s t o ma o a r t i s t o a r t i s t ma a r t i s t o a r t i s t a ma a o a o ma o a o a r t i s t o a r t i s t a a r t i s t o a r t i s t ma a r t i s t o a r t i s t a a r t i s t o a r t i s t by y artist ! poofwlice that carries passengers, especially one that gtravel,s a1 ngl"
b
k
k
e
k
e
k
e
k
k
k
y
y
e
k a r t i s t a r t i s t ma ma a r t i s t ma a r t i s t a r t i s t ma a r t i s t a r t i s t o a r t i s t ma a r t i s t o a r t i s t a r t i s t o a r t i s t ma a r t i s t o a r t i s t a r t i s t a a r t i s t ma a r t i s t a a r t i s t a r t i s t a a r t i s t ma a r t i s t a a r t i s t a r t i s t o a r t i s t a a r t i s t o a r t i s t ma a r t i s t o a r t i s t a a r t i s t o a r t i s t a r t i s t o a r t i s t a a r t i s t o a r t i s t
e
y
y
y
y
y
y
b
e
k
b
k
e
b
e
graphic
graphic
graphic
graphic
British artists o " graphic fixed route and stops regularly to let people get on and off:
g
i
n
e
t
ai
n
t
ai
r
r
on
g
g
on
t
e
on
n
ai
i
i
on
t
r
t
i
st
on
i
h
t
i
h
on
i
e
t
h
st
b
e
h
b
t
h
t
st
e
h
e
e
t
ai
r
o
t
h
e
t
o
o
e
t
st
h
t
n
b
h
e
t
e
n
h
st
t
st
e
h
e
t
r
ai
h
t
h
st
h
t
h
t
t
st
e
e
t
t
t
h
e
e
h
e
t
e
on
e
t
t
h
i
t
h
t
i
e
i
e
h
st
ai
on
n
n
i
st
e
on
h
h
e
t
r
r
ai
h
t
h
or
or
or
or
or
or
or
or
or
or
we
we
walk
walk
have issued an artist's impression of her attacker. ! (figura Shall we walk or n at at at at at at at at at at at on g o b y y y y
artist's
impression
Shall
Shall we walk or hon go by
or
h
h
t
e
e
e
t
r
ai
t
or
t
st
a
real
a
Whoever made this cake is a real artist. # COLLOCATION5 hestow! centre, bus
hestow
hestow
!
bus
bus
bus
bus
bus
bus
bus
bus
company
company
company
company
bus
bus
bus
bus
a a a a a a a a a a
bus
bus
bus
tive)
tive)
tive) a a bus company,' ,' ,' ,' ,'
tive)
tive)
tive)
tive)
tive)
tive)
tive)
tive)
BrE
y
T
at at$%!T °* ("#d $olly BrE artiste /a:'ti:st; NAmE a:r't-I) a driver o a school bus # VISUAL VOCAB page V46
y
$%
V46
$%
VISUAL
$%
VISUAL
$%
VOCAB
VOCAB
VOCAB
$%
page
VOCAB
!
!
!
!
!
tamer such as a singer, a dancer or an
,
,
singer
singer
e
professional e n n t t e e r r compare COACH see also Bus LANE, Bus SHELTER,
actor: a recordi&g/solo artist ws STATION, BUs slop, MINIBUS, TROLLEYBUs 2 (com-
puting)
puting) a set of wires that carries information from one
puting)
a
of
part of a computer system to another
a
computer
bee /':/ noun 1 a black and yellow flying insect that can " verb (-s- or -ss-) 1 sb (from/to...) to transport sb by bus:
HONEY
HONEY
sting. Bees live in large groups and rake HONEY (= a We were bussed from the airport to our hotel. — sb (NAmE)
(=
sb
the
bussed
were
sb
were
to
our
our
to
airport
bussed
airport
We were bussed from the airport to our hotel. 2 — sb (NAmE)
We
—
bees
sweet sticky substance that is good to eat): " swarm of bees to transport young people by bus to another area so that
of
of
buzzing
were
were
buzzing
in
! a bee sting ! Bees were buzzing in the clover. # see also students of different races can be educated together 3
buzzing
Bees
Bees
were
BEEHIVE, 8 (( sw ) x, BUMBLEBEE, QUEEN BEE 2 (NAmE) a sth (NAmE) to take the dirty plates, etc. off the tables in a
the
(NAmE)
(NAmE)
(NAmE)
(NAmE)
the
to
to
take
take
as a job
as a job
restaurant, as a job
as a job
meeting in a group where people combine work, competi- restaurant, as a job
don and pleasure: a sewing bee # see also SPELLING BEE
Q7,TJ the ,bee's 'knees (informal) an excellent person or
/tj'i:Z/
#
#
she's
a
(=
a
very
thing: she thinks she's the bee's knees (= she has a very high cheese # /tj'i:Z/ noun from milk that can be either
the
she's
knees
knees
Opinion of herself). have a 'bee in your bonnet (about + yellow Cm
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sth) (informal) to think or talk about sth all the time and to soft or hard and of of th ssfood: Cheddaruwhcheese o cheesesaoloheese
and
and
u
a
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a
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y
t
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wh
i
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a
i
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wh
e
y
u
t
l
Cheddar
Cheddar
Cheddar
Cheddar
l
u
Cheddar
Cheddar
cheesesaoloheese
a
Cheddar
Cheddar
a
a
i
l
a
y
e
u
t
a
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e
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a
y
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y
cheese
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l
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think that it is very important # more at BIND, Busy adj. particular type
(= made from the milk of a Go)Tcheese ! " selection of
onouns
pr
relative pronouns
relative
salad o a chu!k/Piece/slice of a special relative pr onouns
salad cheeses o a cheese knife (— a knife used
builder /'bllda(r)/ noun 1 a person or company whose curved blade with two points on the end, used for page Vng
n
,
e
e
,
d
n
d
job is to build or repair houses or other buildings 2 (usual- Freand picking up pieces of cheese) # vlsu!lvoc!B page V 19
Freand
Freand
picking
!
ly in compounds) a person or thing that builds, creates or
a
o
o
develops sth: a shipbuilder o a confidence builder # see also
ptant
ptant
ptant
ptant O /pla:nt; NAmEplmnt/ noun, verb
ptant
ptant
ptant
%
ou"
BODYBUILDER " " %ou"
LIVING THING 1 ! [ O a living thing that grows in the earth
and usually has a s-.i, leaves and roots, especially one
g-/
burglar /'b*:gla(r); NAmE 'b*:+g-/ n000 a person who en-
n000
g-/
and
that is smaller than a tree or bush: All plats need light and
All
All
light
plats
light
ters a building illegally in order to steal water. o floweri!g/garde!/i!door plants & a tomato/po-
tomato/po-
a
. o
floweri
a
. o
water
water
tato plant & the animal and plant life of the area
# COLLOCATIONS a t LIFE # VISUAL VOCAB page V9 # see
also B E D D I N G PLANT, HOUSE PLANT, POT PLANT, RUBBER
PLANT
/
! taSO ! Y +n
saucer J'sa:sa(r)i noun a small shallow round dish that a
cup stands on; an object that i shaV19ped l eet also Fp Yand
saucers # VISUAL VOCAB page
SAUCER
(Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary ,
(Oxford
Advanced
Learner's
Learner's
(Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, 8th edition, 2010)
Advanced
RELATIVE PRONOUNS 253
RELA
TIVE
RELA TIVE PRONOUNS