Page 73 - Oxford_English_Grammar_Course_Basic_2015

present perfect: forms / have paid. Has she forgotten?

REGULARVERBS AN IRREGULAR VERB

1have worked you have worked he/she/it has worked etc 1 have seen etc
H have 1worked? have you worked? has he/she/it worked? etc have 1seen? etc

B 1 have not worked you have not worked etc 1 have not seen etc
For contractions {I've, he's, haven't), see page 301.

To make the present perfect, put have/has with the past participle {worked, seen etc).
Regular past participles end in -ed, like simple past tenses (for spelling rules, see page 46).

work —► worked hope —► hoped stop —► stopped try —► tried
With irregular verbs, the past participle is often different from the simple past tense.
You have to learn the forms one by one (see page 299).

see —► seen speak —► spoken go —► gone buy —> bought

Write as many of the irregular past participles as you can. Check them on page 299,
and learn the ones that you don't know.
become . beeji/tiA, break................. bring .............
come .... ............ drink....... ............... fall .... ............ forget

give...... .......... hear ........... ..... hold .. .............. keep ................. know
learn ..... ........... leave........ ....... let ... ............. make .. .............. pay -
pu t....... ........ read ............ .... say..... ........... shut...... .......... s it.......
stand .... ............ take ........ ....... tell ... ............. think ................. write

Write affirmative ( ) or negative (Q) present perfect sentences.
► I (speak H) to the boss ......................

► they (eof B ) anything tafitvv fli/vytkli/vc).
1 she {forget Q) my address .................................................................
2 I {make Q) a mistake .........................................................................
3 you {shut E )the door ........................................................................
4 Alan {work Q) very hard ....................................................................

5 I (heorH) from Mary .........................................................................
6 John {learn B) anything ....................................................................
7 I {break Z2) a cup ...............................................................................
8 we (buy Q) a new car ........................................................................
9 the rain {stop Q) ...............................................................................
10 I {see Q) a newspaper today ..............................................................

'Somewhere with no irregular verbs.'

58 PERFECT TENSES